Stages of a Criminal Trial in India (Sessions & Magistrate Trial)
Stages of a Criminal Trial in India (Sessions & Magistrate Trial) By Advocate Abhishek Jat A criminal trial in India follows a structured legal process to ensure justice is served. The trial is conducted either in a Magistrate Court (for less serious offenses) or a Sessions Court (for more serious crimes). Here’s a breakdown of the key stages in a criminal trial: 1. FIR & Investigation The trial process begins with the registration of a First Information Report (FIR) under Section 173 of the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) . Once an FIR is filed: The police initiate an investigation , which includes collecting evidence, recording witness statements, and arresting the accused (if required). Based on the findings, the police submit either a charge sheet (if enough evidence is found) or a closure report (if no substantial evidence is available). 2. Cognizance & Framing of Charges The Magistrate or Sessions Court takes cognizance of the offens...